Peer-Reviewed Papers

Request reprints at:

2018

T. Fukuma and R. Garcia “Atomic- and Molecular-Resolution Mapping of Solid−Liquid Interfaces by 3D Atomic Force Microscopy” ACS Nano 12 2018.12 11785−11797
P. J. Molino, D. Yang, M. Penna, K. Miyazawa, B. R. Knowles, S. MacLaughlin, T. Fukuma, I. Yarovsky and M. J. Higgins “Hydration Layer Structure of Biofouling- Resistant Nanoparticles” ACS Nano 12 2018.10 11610−11624
H. Asakawa, E. Holmström, A. S. Foster, S. Kamimura, T. Ohno and T. Fukuma “Direct Imaging of Atomic-Scale Surface Structures of Brookite TiO2 Nanoparticles by Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid” J. Phys. Chem.C 122 2018.10 24085−24093
M. Morimoto, Y. Takatsuji, K. Hirata, T. Fukuma, T. Ohno, T, Sakakura, T. Haruyama “Visualization of catalytic edge reactivity in electrochemical CO2 reduction on porous Zn electrode” Electrochimica Acta 290 2018.09 255-261
CW. Yang, K. Miyazawa, T. Fukuma, K. Miyata and IS. Hwang “Direct comparison between subnanometer hydration structures on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces via three-dimensional scanning force microscopy” Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys. 20 2018.08 23522-23527
K. Hirata, T. Kitagawa,K. Miyazawa, T. Okamoto, A. Fukunaga, C. Takatoh, T. Fukuma “Visualizing charges accumulated in an electric double layer by three-dimensional open-loop electric potential microscopy” Nanoscale 10 2018.07 14736-14746
K. Miyata, T. Fukuma “Quantitative comparison of wideband low-latency phase-locked loop circuit designs for high-speed frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 9 2018.06 1844−1855
X. Li, L. Collins, K. Miyazawa, T. Fukuma, S. Jesse, S. V. Kalinin “High-veracity functional imaging in scanning probe microscopy via Graph-Bootstrapping” Nat. Commun. 9 2018.06 2428
(9 pages)
Y. Kakimoto, Y. Tachihara, Y. Okamoto, K. Miyazawa, T. Fukuma, R. Tero “Morphology and Physical Properties of Hydrophilic-Polymer-Modified Lipids in Supported Lipid Bilayers” Langmuir 34(24) 2018.05 7201−7209
N. Kobayashi, K. Inano, K. Sasahara, T. Sato, K. Miyazawa, T. Fukuma, M. H. Hecht, C. Song, K. Murata, R. Arai “Self-Assembling Supramolecular Nanostructures Constructed from de Novo Extender Protein Nanobuilding Blocks” ACS Synth. Biol. 7(5) 2018.04 1381−1394
H. Söngen, B. Reischl, K. Miyata, R. Bechstein, P. Raiteri, A. L. Rohl, J. D. Gale, T. Fukuma, A. Kühnle “Resolving Point Defects in the Hydration Structure of Calcite (10.4) with Three-Dimensional Atomic Force Microscopy” Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 2018.03 116101
(5 pages)
Y. Zhou, M. Saito, T. Miyamoto, P. Novak, A. I. Shevchuk, Y. E. Korchev, T. Fukuma, Y. Takahashi “Nanoscale Imaging of Primary Cilia with Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy” Anal. Chem. 90(4) 2018.01 2891–2895

2017

H. Asakawa, N. Inada, K. Hirata, S. Matsui, T. Igarashi, N. Oku, N. Yoshikawa and T. Fukuma “Self-assembled monolayers of sulfonateterminated alkanethiols investigated by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy in liquid” Nanotechnology 28 2017.10 455603
(9pages)
E. Holmstrom, S. Ghan, H. Asakawa, Y. Fujita, T. Fukuma, S. Kamimura, T. Ohno, A. S. Foster “Hydration Structure of Brookite TiO2 (210)” J. Phys. Chem. C 121(38) 2017.09 20790−20801
Y. Saga, K. Hirota, H. Asakawa, K. Takao, T. Fukuma “Reversible Changes in the Structural Features of Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting Complex 2 by Removal and Reconstitution of B800 Bacteriochlorophyll a Pigments” Biochemistry 56(27) 2017.06 3484–3491
K. Miyata, J. Tracey, K. Miyazawa, V. Haapasilta, P. Spijker, Y. Kawagoe, A. S. Foster, K. Tsukamoto, T. Fukuma “Dissolution Processes at Step Edges of Calcite in Water Investigated by High-Speed Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy and Simulation” Nano Lett. 17(7) 2017.06 4083–4089
T. Murayama, T. Masuda, S. Afonin, K. Kawano, T. Takatani- Nakase, H. Ida, Y. Takahashi, T. Fukuma, A. S. Ulrich, S. Futaki “Loosening of Lipid Packing Promotes Oligoarginine Entry into Cells” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 56(26) 2017.05 7644–7647
K. Miyazawa, M. Watkins, A. L. Shluger and T. Fukuma “Influence of ions on two-dimensional and three-dimensional atomic force microscopy at fluorite–water interfaces” Nanotechnology 28 2017.05 245701
(8 pages)

2016

F. Sato, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma, S. Terada “Semi- in situ atomic force microscopy imaging of intracellular neurofilaments under physiological conditions through the ‘sandwich’ method” Microscopy 65(4) 2016.09 316-324
J. Tracey, K. Miyazawa, P. Spijker, K. Miyata, B. Reischl, F. F. Canova, A. L. Rohl, T. Fukuma, A. S. Foster “Understanding 2D atomic resolution imaging of the calcite surface in water by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Nanotechnology 27 2016.09 415709
(9 pages)
K. Amano, Y. Liang, K. Miyazawa, K. Kobayashi, K. Hashimoto, K. Fukami, N. Nishi, T. Sakka, H. Onishi and T. Fukuma “Number density distribution of solvent molecules on a substrate: a transform theory for atomic force microscopy” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 23(18) 2016.03 15534-15544
N. Inada, H. Asakawa, T. Kobayashi. T. Fukuma “Efficiency improvement in the cantilever photothermal excitation method using a photothermal conversion layer” Beilstein J. Nanotech. 7 2016.03 409-417
K. Miyazawa, N. Kobayashi, M. Watkins, A. L. Shluger, K. Amano. T. Fukuma “A relationship between three-dimensional surface hydration structures and force distribution measured by atomic force microscopy” Nanoscale 8 2016.03 7334–7342
K. Honbo, S. Ogata, T. Kitagawa, T. Okamoto, N. Kobayashi, I. Sugimoto, S. Shima, A. Fukunaga, C. Takatoh and T. Fukuma “Visualizing Nanoscale Distribution of Corrosion Cells by Open-Loop Electric Potential Microscopy” ACS Nano 10(2) 2016.01 2575-2583
S. Ogata, N. Kobayashi, T. Kitagawa, S. Shima, A. Fukunaga, C. Takatoh, T. Fukuma “Nanoscale corrosion behavior of polycrystalline copper fine wires indilute NaCl solution investigated by in-situ atomic force microscopy” Corros. Sci. 105 2016.01 177-182
R. Yamasaki, Y. Takatsuji, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma and T. Haruyama “Flattened-Top Domical Water Drops Formed through Self-Organization of Hydrophobin Membranes: A Structural and Mechanistic Study Using Atomic Force Microscopy” ACS Nano 10(1) 2016.01 81-87

2015

R. Yamasaki, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma and T. Haruyama “Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Self-organized HFBI Membranes on Different Types of Substrates” Electrochemistry 83(11) 2015.11 969-973
T. Fukuma, B. Reischl, N. Kobayashi, P. Spijker, F. F. Canova, K. Miyazawa, and A. S. Foster “Mechanism of atomic force microscopy imaging of three-dimensional hydration structures at a solid-liquid interface” Phys. Rev. B 92 2015.10 155412
(7 pages)
K. Miyata, K. Miyazawa, S. M. R. Akrami, T. Fukuma “Improvements in fundamental performance of liquid-environment atomic force microscopy with true atomic resolution” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54 2015.07 08LA03
(6 pages)
K. Miyazawa, H. Izumi, T. Watanabe-Nakayama, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Fabrication of electron beam deposited tip for atomic-scale atomic force microscopy in liquid” Nanotechnology 26 2015.02 105707
(10 pages)

2014

S. M. R. Akrami, K. Miyata, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “High-speed Z tip scanner with screw cantilever holding mechanism for atomic-resolution atomic force microscopy in liquid” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 2014.12 126106
(3 pages)
R. Yamasaki, Y. Takatsuji, M.Lienemann, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma, M. Linderd, T. Haruyama “Electrochemical properties of honeycomb-like structured HFBIself-organized membranes on HOPG electrodes” Colloid. Surface. B 123 2014.12 803-808
S. M. R. Akrami, H Nakayachi, T Watanabe-nakayama, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Significant improvements in stability and reproducibility of atomic-scale atomic force microscopy in liquid” Nanotechnology 25 2014.10 455701
(8 pages)
N. Inada, H. Asakawa, Y. Matsumoto, T. Fukuma “Molecular-scale surface structures of oligo(ethylene glycol)-terminated self-assembled monolayers investigated by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy in aqueous solution” Nanotechnology 25 2014.07 305602
(10 pages)
H. Sakamoto, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma, S. Fujita, S. Suya “Atomic force microscopy visualization of hard segment alignment in stretched polyurethane nanofibers prepared by electrospinning” Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 15 2014.2 015008
(6 pages)

2013
K. Amano, K. Suzuki, T. Fukuma, O. Takatashi, H. Onishi “The relationship between local liquid density and force applied on a tip of atomic force microscope: A theoretical analysis for simple liquids” J. Chem. Phys. 139 2013.12 224710
(7pages)
N. Kobayashi, S. Itakura, , H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Atomic-Scale Processes at the Fluorite?Water Interface Visualized by Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” J. Phys. Chem. C 117 2013.10 24388-24396
K. Miyata, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Real-time atomic-resolution imaging of crystal growth process in water by phase modulation atomic force microscopy at one frame per second” Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 2013.11 203104
(4 pages)
H. Asakawa, Y. Katagiri, T. Fukuma “Closed Fluid Cell with Liquid-Sealing Mechanism for Stable and Flexible Operation of Liquid-Environment Atomic Force Microscopy” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 52 2013.10 110109
(5 pages)
K. Miyata, S. Usho, S. Yamada, S. Furuya, K. Yoshida, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Separate-type scanner and wideband high-voltage amplifier for atomic-resolution and high-speed atomic force microscopy ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84 2013. 4 043705
(8 pages)
E. T. Herruzo, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma, R. Garcia “Three-dimensional quantitative force maps in liquid with 10 piconewton, angstrom and sub-minute resolutions” Nanoscale 5 2013. 4 2678-2685

2012

H. Asakawa, S. Yoshioka, K. Nishimura, T. Fukuma “Spatial Distribution of Lipid Headgroups and Water Molecules at Membrane/Water Interfaces Visualized by Three-Dimensional Scanning Force Microscopy” ACS NANO 6 2012. 9 9013-9020
N. Kobayashi, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Dual frequency open-loop electric potential microscopy for local potential measurements in electrolyte solution with high ionic strength” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 2012. 3 033709
(7 pages)
T. Fukuma, K. Onishi, N. Kobayashi, A. Matsuki, H. Asakawa Atomic-resolution imaging in liquid by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy using small cantilevers with megahertz-order resonance frequencies“” Nanotechnology 23 2012. 3 135706
(12 pages)

2011

H. Asakawa, K. Ikegami, M. Setou, N. Watanabe, M. Tsukada, T. Fukuma “Submolecular-Scale Imaging of α-Helices and C-Terminal Domains of Tubulins by Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid ” Biophys. J. 101 2011. 9 1270-1276
N. Kobayashi, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Quantitative potential measurements of nanoparticles with different surface charges in liquid by open-loop electric potential microscopy ” J. Appl. Phys. 110 2011. 8 044315
(5 pages)
T. Fukuma, S. Yoshioka, H. Asakawa “Wideband phase-locked loop circuit with real-time phase correction for frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82 2011. 7 073707
(5 pages)
A. Iwanaga, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma, M. Nkamichi, S. Shigematsu, M. B. Lindr, T. Haruyama “Ordered nano-structure of a stamped self-organized protein layer on a HOPG surface using a HFB carrier” Colloid. Surface. B 84 2011. 2 395-399

2010

N. Kobayashi, H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “Nanoscale potential measurements in liquid by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81 2010.12 123705
(4 pages)
T. Fukuma “Water distribution at solid/liquid interfaces visualized by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 11 2010. 9 033003
(18 pages)
N. Satoh, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, S. Watanabe, T. Fujii, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “Near-field light detection by conservative and dissipative force modulation methods using a piezoelectric cantilever” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 2010. 4 233104
(3 pages)
T. Ichii, T. Fukuma, T. Yoda, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “Submolecular-scale Investigations on metal-phthalocyanine monolayers by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” J. Appl. Phys. 107 2010. 1 024315
(5 pages)
T. Fukuma, Y. Ueda, S. Yoshioka, H. Asakawa “Atomic-Scale Distribution of Water Molecules at the Mica-Water Interface Visualized by Three-Dimensional Scanning Force Microscopy” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 2010. 1 016101
(4 pages)



2009

H. Asakawa and T. Fukuma “Spurious-free cantilever excitation in liquid by piezoactuator with flexure drive mechanism” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80 2009.10 103703
(3 pages)
H. Yamada, K. Kobayashi, T. Fukuma, Y. Hirata, T. Kajita and K. Matsushige “Molecular Resolution Imaging of Protein Molecules in Liquid Using Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” Appl. Phys. Express 2 2009. 9 095007
(3 pages)
Y. Mitani, M. Kubo, K. Muramoto, and T. Fukuma “Wideband digital frequency detector with subtraction-based phase comparator for frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80 2009. 8 083705
(3 pages)
T. Fukuma “Subnanometer-Resolution Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid for Biological Applications” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48 2009. 8 08JA01
(7 pages)
H. Asakawa, T. Fukuma “The molecular-scale arrangement and mechanical strength of phospholipid/cholesterol mixed bilayers investigated by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy in liquid” Nanotechnology 20 2009. 6 264008
(7 pages)
T. Fukuma “Wideband low-noise optical beam deflection sensor with photothermal excitation for liquid-environment atomic force microscopy” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80 2009. 2 023707
(8 pages)


2008

T. Fukuma “Instrumentation and Biological Applications of High-Resolution Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid” J. Nano Res. 4 2008.12 1-10
T. Ando, T. Uchihashi, T. Fukuma “High-speed atomic force microscopy for nano-visualization of dynamic biomolecular processes” Prog. Surf. Sci. 83 2008.10 337-437
T. Fukuma, A. S. Mostaert, L. C. Serpell, S. P. Jarvis “Revealing molecular-level surface structure of amyloid fibrils in liquid by means of frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Nanotechnology 19 2008. 8 384010
(6 pages)
T. Fukuma, Y. Okazaki, N. Kodera, T.Uchihashi, T.Ando “High resonance frequency force microscope scanner using inertia balance support” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 2008. 6 243119
(3 pages)

2007

T. Fukuma, M. J. Higgins, S. P. Jarvis “Direct Imaging of Individual Intrinsic Hydration Layers on Lipid Bilayers at Angstrom Resolution” Biophys. J. 92 2007. 5 3603-3609
T. Fukuma, M. J. Higgins, S. P. Jarvis “Direct imaging of lipid-ion network formation under physiological conditions by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 2007. 3 106101
(4 pages)


2006

T. Fukuma, J. Kilpatrick, S. P. Jarvis “Phase modulation atomic force microscope with true atomic resolution” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77 2006.12 123703
(5 pages)
A. S. Mostaert, M. J. Higgins, T. Fukuma, F. Rindi, S. P. Jarvis “Nanoscale Mechanical Characterization of Amyloid Fibrils Discovered in a Natural Adhesive” J. Biol. Phys. 32 2006.10 393-401
M. J. Higgins, M. Polcik, T. Fukuma, J. E. Sader, Y. Nakayama and S. P. Jarvis “Structured Water Layers Adjacent to Biological Membranes” Biophys. J. 91 2006.10 2532-2542
M. J. Higgins, T. Fukuma, S. P. Jarvis “AFM in Liquid - A High Sensitivity Study on Biological Membranes” G.I.T. Imaging and Microscopy 3/2006 2006. 8 2-4
T. Fukuma, A. S. Mostaert and S. P. Jarvis “Explanation for the mechanical strength of amyloid fibrils” Tribology Lett. 22 2006. 7 233-237
T. Fukuma and S. P. Jarvis “Development of Liquid Environment Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscope with Low Noise Deflection Sensor for Cantilevers of Various Dimensions” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77 2006. 4 043701
(8 pages)


2005

T. Fukuma, K. Kimura, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy at High Cantilever Resonance Frequencies using the Heterodyne Optical Beam Deflection Method” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76 2005.12 126110
(3 pages)
A. A. Farrell, T. Fukuma, T. Uchihashi, E. R. Kay, G. Bottari, D. A. Leigh, H. Yamada and S. P. Jarvis “Conservative and Dissipative Force Imaging of Rotaxanes with Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” Phys. Rev.B 72 2005. 9 125430
(6 pages)
T. Ichii, M. Urabe, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiol and Fluoroalkanethiol Investigated by Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 44 2005. 7 5378-5381
T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “True Atomic Resolution in Liquid by Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 2005. 7 034101
(3 pages)
T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “True Molecular Resolution in Liquid by Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 2005. 5 193108
(3 pages)
T. Fukuma, M. Kimura, K. Kobayashi, K. Matsushige and H. Yamada “Development of Low Noise Cantilever Deflection Sensor for Multienvironment Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76 2005. 4 053704
(8 pages)
T. Ichii, H. Kawabata, T. Fukuma,K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Molecular-Scale Investigations of Semi-Insulating Polymer Single Crystals by Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy” Nanotechnology 16 2005. 1 S22-S26
T. Fukuma, T. Ichii, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “True-Molecular Resolution Imaging by Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Various Environments” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 2005. 1 034103
(3 pages)


2004

T. Fukuma, K. Kimura, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Dynamic Force Microscopy at High Cantilever Resonance Frequencies using Heterodyne Optical Beam Deflection Method” Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 2004.12 6287-6289
T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Surface Potential Measurements by the Dissipative Force Modulation Method” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75 2004.10 4589-4594
T. Ichii, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation of Phase-Separated Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers with Different Head Groups” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43 2004. 7 4545-4548
T. Yoda, T. Ichii, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Submolecular-scale studies on metal-phthalocyanines by noncontact atomic force microscopy” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43 2004. 7 4691-4694
T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Copper-Phthalocyanines: Submolecular-Scale Contrasts in Topography and Energy Dissipation” J. Appl. Phys. 95 2004. 5 4742-4746
T. Fukuma, T. Ichii, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Molecular-scale noncontact atomic force microscopy contrasts on topography and energy dissipation on c(4x2) superlattice structures of alkanethiol monolayers” J. Appl. Phys. 95 2004. 2 1222-1226
T. Ichii, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Surface potential measurements of phase-separated alkanethiol monolayers by non-contact atomic force microscopy” Nanotechnology 15 2004. 1 S30-S33


2003

T. Ichii, T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Phase-Separated Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers Investigated by Non-contact AFM” Appl. Surf. Sci. 210 2003. 2 99-104


2002

T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, K. Noda, K. Ishida, T. Horiuchi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Molecular-Scale Non-contact AFM Studies of Ferroelectric Organic Thin Films Epitaxially Grown on Alkali Halides” Surf. Sci. 516 2002. 9 103-108
H. Yamada, T. Fukuma, K. Umeda, K. Kobayashi and K. Matsushige “Local Structures and Electrical Properties of Organic Molecular Films Investigated by Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy” Appl Surf. Sci. 188 2002. 3 391-398
T. Fukuma, K. Umeda, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Experimental Study on Energy Dissipation Induced by Displacement Current in Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of Molecular Thin Films” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 41 2002. 3 4903-4907


2001

T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, T. Horiuchi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Structures and Local Electrical Properties of Ferroelectric Polymer Thin Films in Thermal Process Investigated by Dynamic Mode Atomic Force Microscopy” Thin Solid Films 397 2001.10 133-137
T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, T. Horiuchi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111) Surfaces Investigated by Non-contact AFM” Appl. Phys.A 72 2001. 3 S109-S112


2000

T. Fukuma, K. Kobayashi, T. Horiuchi, H. Yamada and K. Matsushige “Nanometer-Scale Characterization of Ferroelectric Polymer Thin Films by Variable-Temperature Atomic Force Microscopy” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39 2000. 7 3830-3833